Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Diorama pada Materi Ekosistem untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Science learning in elementary schools is still dominated by lecture-based methods and two-dimensional textbook illustrations. This study aims to develop a three-dimensional diorama learning medium for the ecosystem topic and to examine its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. This research and development (R&D) study used the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The subjects were one material expert, one media expert, and 14 fifth-grade students of SD Negeri Pahonjean 01, Majenang, Cilacap Regency, selected through total sampling. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and a learning outcome test, then analyzed descriptively using a percentage formula. The material expert validation obtained 83.33% (very feasible) and the media expert validation obtained 90% (very feasible). The student response questionnaire showed a “very good” category on all assessed aspects, and the learning outcome test showed a mastery percentage of 85.71% with an average score of 7.78. The developed diorama medium is declared valid, practical, and effective for improving fifth-grade students' understanding of the ecosystem topic, and is recommended as an alternative concrete learning medium for elementary science instruction.